193 papers
This study presents a rapid, multiplexed rRNA hybridization assay capable of accurately identifying diverse fungal pathogens from both cultured isolates and FFPE tissue within 8 hours, offering a significant improvement over current slow diagnostic methods.
This study conducted at SGT Hospital in Haryana identified 35 *Acinetobacter* isolates from 6673 clinical samples, revealing that the majority were *A. baumannii* primarily found in blood specimens and exhibiting high resistance to most antibiotics except for a high susceptibility rate to colistin.
The paper introduces ABxSure, a deployable diagnostic device that utilizes CD64, CD169, and total leukocyte count biomarkers to accurately differentiate between bacterial and viral infections, thereby addressing the clinical challenge of symptom overlap and reducing the overprescription of antibiotics.
This study characterizes the evolutionary history and phylodynamics of a newly emergent North American N1 neuraminidase (am4N1) associated with H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b viruses, revealing its distinct avian origin, introduction from western Canada, and conserved structural architecture despite sequence divergence that warrants further investigation into potential cross-reactivity with human A(H1N1)pdm09 immunity.
This systematic review and meta-analysis of 137 studies demonstrates that microbial blood biomarkers, particularly cell-associated Mtb DNA and protein/peptide antigens, exhibit high specificity (exceeding 90%) for diagnosing tuberculosis and show promising responses to antimicrobial therapy, though the findings are tempered by a high risk of bias in the majority of included primary studies.
A retrospective analysis of over 6,000 individuals in northern Angola reveals that while malaria remains highly prevalent and co-infections with rare gambiense sleeping sickness and loiasis are uncommon, integrated screening platforms effectively support the surveillance and elimination of sleeping sickness in co-endemic settings when robust confirmatory algorithms are maintained.
This multicentre, phase 1, blinded, randomised clinical trial demonstrates that SPVX02, a novel room-temperature-stable tetanus-diphtheria vaccine, is safe, well-tolerated, and induces immunogenicity comparable to existing approved vaccines, offering a promising solution to overcome cold chain limitations in global vaccine distribution.
This study demonstrates that direct Moxifloxacin drug susceptibility testing on sputum samples using the BACTEC MGIT 960 system is a highly accurate and rapid alternative to the gold standard indirect method, significantly reducing turnaround time by approximately 10 days to facilitate faster therapeutic decision-making for MDR-TB patients.
This study demonstrates that oral swab Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra testing, using a customized processing protocol, is a feasible and moderately sensitive non-invasive diagnostic tool for detecting tuberculosis in high-burden Ethiopian prisons, particularly for cases with medium-to-high bacillary loads.
Although infection rates were similar between sexes in Hong Kong, males experienced significantly higher COVID-19 mortality risks across all epidemic waves even after adjusting for vaccination status and pre-existing conditions, a pattern consistent with sex disparities observed in other respiratory diseases.
This study presents a highly specific and sensitive high-resolution melt qPCR assay targeting the RD9 region that enables rapid, direct quantification of *Mycobacterium tuberculosis* genome copies in clinical samples, offering a valuable tool for TB management, treatment monitoring, and sequencing triage.
In a phase 2a randomized controlled trial, the SARS-CoV-2-specific monoclonal antibody AER002 was found to be safe but failed to demonstrate significant efficacy in improving physical health or other outcomes for people with Long COVID, though post-hoc analysis suggested potential benefits for a specific subgroup with lower baseline antibody levels.
This cross-sectional study of 345 migrants in Arica, Chile, reveals a high prevalence (68.1%) and frequent polyparasitism of intestinal infections, driven primarily by shared housing, indoor animals, and livestock ownership, underscoring the urgent need for improved WASH and housing interventions.
This multi-ancestry genome-wide association study of 4,058 TB contacts in India, Brazil, and South Africa identifies a novel chromosome 13 locus associated with genetic resistance to *M. tuberculosis* infection despite high exposure, alongside a distinct chromosome 6 locus near the HLA-II region linked to general infection status.
This study presents the development and comprehensive clinical validation of a rapid, extraction-free real-time PCR assay capable of detecting and differentiating Clade I and Clade II monkeypox viruses with high sensitivity and specificity, offering a promising near-point-of-care solution for emergency outbreak response.
This systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis of 1,797 patients in Indonesia demonstrates that a higher total primaquine dose of 7 mg/kg significantly reduces *Plasmodium vivax* relapse rates compared to the standard 3.5 mg/kg regimen, with only a moderate increase in gastrointestinal discomfort and rare clinically relevant haemolysis among patients with adequate G6PD activity.
This first multicenter study in Western Ethiopia (2021–2025) reveals a rapidly increasing burden of multidrug-resistant MRSA, particularly among children and outpatients, driven by widespread antibiotic misuse and inadequate infection control, thereby highlighting the urgent need for enhanced antimicrobial stewardship and surveillance to guide empiric therapy.
PerTexP is an interactive, stage-structured compartmental modeling tool designed to support evidence-based decision-making by enabling researchers and public health practitioners to explore and compare the impact of various maternal, infant, and booster vaccination strategies on pertussis transmission dynamics, with a specific focus on the Italian epidemiological context.
The study presents a developed and optimized, self-collected, field-stable saliva-based immunoassay that demonstrates high correlation with venous blood samples for quantifying pathogen-specific IgG, offering a non-invasive and scalable alternative for global epidemiological surveillance.
In a population-based study in rural Uganda, current *Schistosoma mansoni* infection intensity was found to remain significantly associated with splenomegaly in children and hepatomegaly in adults, even after accounting for co-endemic malaria, HIV, hepatitis B, and repeated praziquantel treatment.